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Most people who know anything about Glaucoma screenings think only of the strange machine that blows a quick puff of air into the eye when seeing the Austin optometrist or ophthalmologist, but there is much more to glaucoma testing that just that and it can be very beneficial to understand the procedures that your eyes will undergo if you are deemed a likely candidate of the disease.

Glaucoma is a condition, which is actually made up of several eye diseases, which developing simultaneously, can result in permanent vision loss. Generally, sufferers will report loss of peripheral vision first. The corresponding damage is done to the optic nerve, which is the gateway to the brain. When that nerve is no longer able to transmit messages effectively, the patient no longer understands what they are looking at. As a result, it is understandable why Glaucoma has become a leading cause of blindness in this country and beyond.

A predictor of the onset of this condition is an elevation in intraocular pressure (IOP, the pressure felt by the eye). Though there are many types of glaucoma, the most common variety effects the drainage system of the eye. As a result, fluid backs up causing the IOP. Though not always noticeable to the person, IOP can be tested for and generally is during standard contact lens exam in Austin.

There are actually several exams that can be performed to test for glaucoma and to continue to chart is progression within the eye. The two most common procedures are tonometry and ophthalmoscopy. The first is used to detect increased in IOP. This single form of test can be performed in many different ways, but one of the most common is the use of the machine that blows a quick puff of air into the eye. This is considered the ‘noncontact’ form, as opposed to those that are performed by actually placing direct force on the cornea with a specialized tool. Though the noncontact form is widely used and less uncomfortable for the patient, it is not considered the most accurate. However, should the results of the test be unfavorable, other steps would be taken to get more accurate readings.

In addition to the test for increased IOP, another procedure is frequently done. Called ophthalmoscopy, this test allows the eye doctor to see to the back of the eye. A rather basic light source and the use of high magnification provide a clear image of the fundus, which is home to the retina and the optic nerve. There are two versions of this test as well. The first, referred to as ‘direct’, requires the use of a very small instrument containing a flashlight and lenses providing up to fifteen times magnification. The indirect option provides a larger view, and makes use of a head lamp and hand-held lens. This is also a method used to detect cataracts (which can accompany glaucoma).

It is very important to have regular glaucoma screenings done. Early detection can make for an easier and more effective treatment plan. It can also help prevent serious, irreversible damage. Glaucoma surgeries can be done in order to reduce the pressure and stave off further impairment.